IBM MAINFRAME

Java Programming (J2SE)

Course objectives
Java is rather a recent programming language.
It is in development since 1991 (its creator is James Gosling) and has been formally announced by Sun Microsystems in May 1995.
Actually, Java is both a programming language and a development/execution environment.
To create (compile) and/or execute (interpret) Java programs, you need the Java Development Kit (JDK) or Java 2 Software Development Kit (SDK), i.e. JDK 1.0, JDK 1.1, SDK 1.2, SDK 1.3, SDK 1.4, JDK 5, or JDK 6.
The JDK/SDK is available on a lot of platforms, among others Sun’,s Solaris, Microsoft’,s Windows 95/98/2000/NT/XP, Apple’,s Macintosh, Linux, IBM’,s OS/2, OS/400, AIX, and z/OS.
The Java compiler creates platform-independent (i.e. portable) bytecode consisting of data and instructions for a theoretical machine, the so-called Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
Java bytecode generated on one platform can be shipped to another platform for execution.
For instance, when you browse a Web page, this may cause an applet residing on the server to be downloaded and executed on your own machine.
Every Java interpreter is a platform-dependent implementation of the JVM whose purpose is to convert Java bytecode into native (i.e. local) machine code.
So, Java enhances the application programmer’,s productivity: neither the development nor the execution is restricted to a particular platform! Java enables the WORA (Write Once, Run Anywhere) approach.
The syntax of the Java language is very similar to C++ syntax. So, most Java courses require the course participants to master the C++ language before attending the course session.
However, for our Java course there isn’,t such a prerequisite!
The Java philosophy is, unlike C++, fully object-oriented. The Java semantics are actually based upon SmallTalk.
Therefore, most Java courses expect the participants to fully understand Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and its principles before enrollment.
Again, for our Java course there isn’,t such a prerequisite !

Audience
Programmers who intend to use Java on any platform

Prerequisites
There are no prerequisites about C, C++, or Object-Oriented Programming.
You just need to have some programming experience, i.e. you need to know at least one other programming language (such as COBOL or REXX).

Class infrastructure
The students must have a workstation equipped with Sun’,s Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE) JDK. It’,s free.

Course contents
- A step-by-step explanation of the OOP-concepts
- An exhaustive study of the Java language
- Using the J2SE class libraries provided by Sun
- Writing stand-alone Java programs (i.e. Java applications)
- Writing text-based as well as graphical programs
- Writing Java applets
- Advanced topics such as multithreading, synchronization, applet security, etc., etc.
- A lot of useful information about Java in z/OS in particular.

Course objectives
The C programming language was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Laboratories, one of its first uses was in the rewriting of the UNIX operating system.
So, strictly speaking, C is a system programming language. However, it is also useful for application programming.
On completion of this course, the students will know how to use all C functionalities, i.e. both the application and the system related ones.

Since C is implemented on a wide variety of systems, it is a multi-platform programming language available in UNIX as well as in non-UNIX environments.
Unfortunately, there are multiple C standards: Classic C (also known as Kernighan and Ritchie C), IBM’,s SAA C, Common Usage C (a.k.a. XPG3 C), ANSI C (a.k.a. ISO C), and POSIX.1 C.
C89 and C99 refer to the first and second versions of the ANSI C standard.
On completion of this course, the students will know how to master the standard related issues.

Our course covers the latest IBM C compilers for z/OS, i.e. ",z/OS C", and ",z/OS XL C",.
So, the course includes detailed coverage of C99 versus C89 and 64-bit addressing.
The course contents also includes IBM extensions such as record I/O, and the use of Language Environment (LE).
z/OS UNIX is a highly-reliable UNIX shell under z/OS.
z/OS UNIX allows UNIX programmers to develop new applications on the mainframe.
z/OS UNIX allows the porting of existing UNIX applications to the mainframe (server consolidation!).
z/OS UNIX is a prerequisite for Java, WebSphere Application Server, etc. in a z/OS environment.
The students will learn how to compile and execute C programs in z/OS batch, under TSO, and in the z/OS UNIX shell.
So, this course is also a solid introduction to UNIX in general and z/OS UNIX in particular.

When transporting a C application from one platform to another one, a lot of problems arise from environment dependencies.
Our course covers the implementation of characters (EBCDIC versus ASCII), fixed-point integers, and floating-point numbers (S/370 ",hexadecimal", floating-points versus IEEE ",binary", formats), the differences between big-endian and little-endian computers, the maximum number of significant characters in an identifier, etc., etc.

C++ and JAVA are object oriented languages derived from C.
If you want to fully exploit all C++ and JAVA functionalities, you should master the fundamental (i.e. C language) concepts.

Our course is both a C course for beginners and an advanced C course.

Audience
- z/OS system programmers
- Senior programmers/analysts

Prerequisites
You need a working knowledge of the z/OS environment and you should have mastered at least one other programming language (e.g. COBOL or REXX).

Class infrastructure
The students must have access to a z/OS system and logon under TSO.

Course contents
Declaration versus definition
Trigraphs and escape sequences
Preprocessor directives
ASA files
The C compiler listing
The various C standards (including an exhaustive discussion of the differences between C89 and C99)
Arithmetic types: integers, floating-points, and characters
Enumerations
Type conversion
Arithmetic, comparison, bitwise, logical and other operators
Signal handling
Operator precedence
Functions (including function prototyping)
Interlanguage communication (ILC)
Macros
Arrays
Pointers (including accessing system control blocks)
Complicated declarations
C versus REXX
if-else, switch, while, do-while, and for constructs
Conditional expressions
Recursivity and reentrancy
String, mathematical, utility, and other standard library functions
Passing arguments to the main function
Program execution under MVS batch, TSO, and OE
Text streams, binary streams, and record I/O
Standard streams and I/O redirection
File and terminal I/O
Structures, bit-fields, and unions
Language Environment (LE)
Storage class specifiers
External linkage
Residency mode (RMODE) and Addressing mode (AMODE), including 64-bit addressing
Dynamic allocation
Multitasking Facility (MTF)
System C Programming (SPC) facilty
Dynamic Link Library (DLL) support
Memory files
Packed-decimal support
Traps and pitfalls

Course objectives
Many routines and/or O.E.M. products are written in assembler and need to be maintained by systems programmers and/or application staff.
A good understanding of assembler and machine instructions is also an asset for debugging programs written in any high-level language (COBOL, PL/I, etc.).
On completion of this course, the students will have gained fundamental assembler programming and debugging skills that are applicable for both z/OS and z/VM assembler language programmers.
The majority of instructions used by application and systems programmers are explained. Students learn to read and maintain most assembler language programs, as well as use underlying machine instructions to locate programming errors. Through error analysis and debugging techniques, students debug programs using dumps. Programming techniques important to writing reliable and maintainable code are stressed.
Via the different topics of this course the students will be able to integrate basic assembler skills into a usable set of practical skills.
Finally, the students will have gained an indepth insight into mainframe architectures.

Audience
- System programmers
- Other programmers/analysts who could make efficient use of assembler

Prerequisites
You need a working knowledge of a z/OS environment.
You should already have programming skills i.e. know at least one programming language.

Class infrastructure
The students must have access to a z/OS system, and be able to logon under TSO.

Course contents
Mainframe architecture
Storage organization
Data representation : EBCDIC, zoned decimal, packed decimal, fixed point, floating point
Assembler instructions
Machine instructions formats
Linkage conventions
Addressability
Link Editor and Binder
Extended mnemonic instructions
Program checks: operation exception, privileged-operation exception, execute exception, protection exception, addressing exception, specification exception, data exception, fixed-point overflow, fixed-point divide exception, decimal-overflow exception, decimal-divide exception, HFP-exponent-overflow exception, HFP-exponent-underflow exception, HFP-significance exception, HFP-floating-point divide exception, segment-translation exception, page-translation exception
Program Status Word (PSW)
Debugging
QSAM macro instructions : OPEN, DCB, CLOSE, GET, PUT
Coding assembler source statements
Terms, expressions, literals
Boundary alignment
Program sections: CSECTs and DSECTs
Program entry point
The assembler listing
Address constants (ACONs and VCONS), Relocation Dictionary (RLD)
External symbols, External Symbols Dictionary (ESD)
Passing arguments to a program
Machine instructions : load, store, move, insert, translate, branch, convert, decimal, test, compare, logical, shift and fixed-point instructions
(Note : privileged and floating-point instructions are outside the scope of this course.)
User macro definitions
Condition assembly language: variable symbols, SET symbols, AGO, AIF, ...
Dynamic storage allocation
Subpools
System macro’,s : SNAP, ABEND, SPIE, STAE, WTO, WTOR, TPUT, TGET, GETMAIN, FREEMAIN, STORAGE, CPOOL, IARV64, SPLEVEL, SYSSTATE, STCKCONV, Extended macros, X-macros, ...
Serially reusable and reentrant coding
24-bit, 31-bit, and 64-bit(!) addressing (AMODE and RMODE)
Static call versus dynamic calls (CALL, LOAD, LINK, ATTACH, ..)
Linkage stack
Access registers and AASF
Immediate-and-relative instruction facility

course objectives
the interactive system productivity facility (ispf) is the standard dialog manager for mvs, os/390, and z/os.
the program development facility (pdf) and the spool display and search facility (sdsf) are two among many of the ibm-supplied dialogs that run under ispf’,s control.
on completion of this course, the students will know how to exploit all ispf features, customize existing dialogs, as well as develop their own ispf dialogs.

audience
- system programmers
- other programmers/analysts who could make efficient use of ispf

prerequisites
you need to be acquainted with pdf, for instance after having attended the job control language (jcl) course.
since all examples and practical exercices are based upon rexx, you need to know that programming language, for instance via the rexx course.

class infrastructure
the students must have access to an os/390 or z/os system and logon under tso.

course contents
tso/e logon procedure
ispf dialog elements: functions, variables, panels, messages, tables, and file tailoring skeletons
implicit and extended implicit 6?invocations
ispf product libraries
ispstart command
diagnostic utilities
ispf termination
panel types: menus, display panels, table display panels, and help panels
panel definition
systems application architecture (saa)
common user access (cua) mode
edit model classes
dialog test facilities
ispf system commands
edit use and rexx coding hints and tips
variable pools
using preprocessed panels
ispf in batch mode
message definition
system variables and control variables
ispf command tables
system-level, application-level, and user-level libraries
ispf services
pop-up windows
long message and command line placement
action bar choices
dynamic areas
extendable areas
scrollable areas
table processing
enqueueing
file tailoring
job control language (jcl) generation
help/tutorial panels
library access services
edit macros
superc, superce, search-for, and search-fore utilities
ispf workstation agent (wsa) component
ispf in graphical user interface (gui) mode
file transfer between host (mainframe) and workstation (pc)
executing workstation commands
workstation tool integration, i.e. using ispf edit to access workstation files and your pc editor to access host data sets.

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